Outlook for Mac uses a similar feature called Recent Addresses, however there are some differences. When you use Microsoft Outlook 2010 for Windows, the Nickname cache is stored as a hidden message in the default message store (for example, on the Microsoft Exchange server). This feature is similar to the Nickname Cache in Windows Outlook.
This article describes how the Recent Addresses feature works in Microsoft Outlook 2016 for Mac and Outlook for Mac 2011. Outlook 2016 for Mac Outlook for Mac for Office 365 More.